There are substantial differences in public health issues between men and women. However, longitudinal studies of the relationship between sex disparities and adverse clinical outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are scarce. Here, we studied whether major outcomes including cardiovascular outcomes, all-cause mortality, and CKD progression may differ between men and women among Korean CKD patients The KoreaN cohort study for Outcome in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (KNOW-CKD) enrolled a total of 2,238 patients with non-dialysis CKD. The primary outcome was a composite of non-fatal cardiovascular events or death from any cause. The secondary outcome was CKD progression, which was defined as a ≥50% decline in eGFR from baseline or the onset of end-stage kidney disease.   There were 1,367 (61.1%) men and 871 (38.9%) women in this cohort. During 8517 person-years of follow-up, 208 primary outcome events occurred; 150 (11.0%) in men and 58 (6.7%) in women with the corresponding incidence rates of 29.4 and 17.0 per 1,000 person-years, respectively. In multivariable-adjusted Cox model, men were associated with a 64% higher risk of the composite outcome compared with women (HR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.06-2.53). In secondary outcome analysis, adverse kidney outcome events occurred in 583 patients with the incidence rate of 76.8 per 1,000 person-years. Similar to the results of primary outcome analysis, men had a 1.41-fold (95% CI, 1.10-1.80) higher risk of CKD progression than women. In Korean CKD patients, men are more likely to have adverse clinical outcomes than women.