Acute kidney injury (AKI), which is a common problem in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) as well as pediatric intensive care units (PICU), can affects morbidity and mortality. Urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) is noninvasive detection, seen as future examination to detect early stages of AKI, mortality and morbidity and needs of Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT). This study aims to investigate association of KIM-1 and Acute Kidney Injury in neonatal and pediatric patients. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and capturing the data last 10 years. Terms used included MeSH headings for KIM-1, AKI, infants, and children. A systematic review of published studies was performed. Articles including KIM-1, AKI, infants, and children were included. We analyzed the usage of uKIM-1 as predictor of AKI, mortality and morbidity and needs of RRT. These studies showed contradictory results. Two studies stated that KIM-1 may serve as a predictor of early stage of AKI, two other studies suggest otherwise. The studies showed that uKIM-1 can be useful for prediction of RRT. Kidney Injury Molecule-1 may be useful for prediction of Renal Replacement Therapy. Usability of KIM-1 as a predictor of early stage of AKI requires more studies.