Dyslipidemia and obesity are major health problems worldwide and can enhance risk of cardiovascular events and mortality. These two conditions are also common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, previous two randomized controlled trials failed to show that LDL-lowering with statins improved clinical outcomes in patients undergoing dialysis. In SHARP study involving non-dialysis and dialysis patients with CKD, statin therapy significantly reduced cardiovascular events in CKD patients who were not yet on dialysis, suggesting that it is not effective in patients with advanced stage of CKD. The concept of ‘the lower, the better’ has been prevailing in patients with cardiovascular risk and without CKD. In CKD patients, the main goal of lipid-lowering therapy in CKD patients appears to be reducing cardiovascular risk and there is lack of evidence that lipid-lowering therapy can delay CKD progression. On the other hand, many epidemiologic studies have shown that obesity is also associated with the development and progression of CKD. However, there have been few randomized controlled trials to examine the effects of weight reduction on adverse clinical outcomes in patients with CKD. In this session, I’ll briefly show the results of our observational cohort study and introduce potential therapies based on recent trials with new lipid-lowering drugs and interventions of weight reduction.