Objective: The associations between greenness and mortality were estimated in 3,314 CKD cohort from 3 medical centers (Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, and Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center) between 2001 and 2016 in Seoul, Korea. We used sex, age, air pollution, hemoglobin, eGFR, body mass index, education (low, middle, and high), socioeconomic status (low, middle, and high), drinking and smoking status, hypertension as covariates in Cox proportional hazard models. We further assessed the mediating effects of air pollution (PM10, PM2.5, NO2, and SO2) in association. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, which is representative indicator of greenness, was obtained from NASA satellite image and assigned an individual exposure of greenness in summer within a 250m buffer around residence. Methods: During the study period, 451(13%) deaths occurred. The average exposure of NDVI, PM10, PM2.5, NO2, and SO2 was 0.3, 24.9 μg/m3, 51.3 μg/m3, 35.3 ppb, and 5.9 ppb, respectively. An 0.1 increase of NDVI was associated with 0.91 (0.83-0.99), 0.90 (0.82-0.99), and 0.91(0.82,0.99) hazard ratio when adjusted PM10, NO2, and SO2, respectively. In medication analysis, our findings showed air pollution explained mediated proportion of 6.5-26.0% in association between greenness and mortality. Results: Higher exposure of residential greenness was beneficial to reduced mortality of CKD patients, and this association might be partially mediated by air pollution. Preventive health strategy in urban planning could be implemented considering greenness and air pollution. Conclusions: Objective: Positive effects of residential greenness on physical and mental health have been demonstrated by previous researches. However, the associations between greenness and mortality of CKD patients were unknown. Methods: The associations between greenness and mortality were estimated in 3,314 CKD cohort from 3 medical centers (Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, and Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center) between 2001 and 2016 in Seoul, Korea. We used sex, age, air pollution, hemoglobin, eGFR, body mass index, education (low, middle, and high), socioeconomic status (low, middle, and high), drinking and smoking status, hypertension as covariates in Cox proportional hazard models. We further assessed the mediating effects of air pollution (PM10, PM2.5, NO2, and SO2) in association. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, which is representative indicator of greenness, was obtained from NASA satellite image and assigned an individual exposure of greenness in summer within a 250m buffer around residence. Results: During the study period, 451(13%) deaths occurred. The average exposure of NDVI, PM10, PM2.5, NO2, and SO2 was 0.3, 24.9 μg/m3, 51.3 μg/m3, 35.3 ppb, and 5.9 ppb, respectively. An 0.1 increase of NDVI was associated with 0.91 (0.83-0.99), 0.90 (0.82-0.99), and 0.91(0.82,0.99) hazard ratio when adjusted PM10, NO2, and SO2, respectively. In medication analysis, our findings showed air pollution explained mediated proportion of 6.5-26.0% in association between greenness and mortality. Conclusions: Higher exposure of residential greenness was beneficial to reduced mortality of CKD patients, and this association might be partially mediated by air pollution. Preventive health strategy in urban planning could be implemented considering greenness and air pollution.