Objectives: In dialysis patients, control of kt/v and metabolic acidosis may affect patient outcome. Studies have shown that metabolic acidosis control helps early recovery of renal function after kidney transplantation (KT). However, studies on the correlation with kt/v are rare. We hypothesized that pre-transplant kt/v control would affect renal function after KT.  Methods: The subjects were 61 patients who underwent a KT at our hospital during peritoneal dialysis. We calculated the average value of kt/v measured three times before KT. Group A was classified as kt/v 1.7 or higher, and group B was classified as less than 1.7. Primary endpoint was a comparison of serum creatinine levels between the two groups on days 1,2,3,5 and 7 after surgery. Secondary endpoint was to compare urine output and serum blood urea nitrogen levels between the two groups. Results: The mean age was 54.6±10.1 in group A and 45.8±12.0 in group B. Among the factors that may affect the prognosis after KT, the donor’s serum creatinine level and patients’ base serum creatinine level and ischemic time showed significant differences between the two groups. There was no difference in serum albumin and blood urea nitrogen levels between the two groups. Serum creatinine improvement after KT was significantly slower in group A than in group B. There was no difference in blood urea nitrogen and urine volume between the two groups. Conclusions: It was found that the improvement of serum creatinine level after kidney transplantation was rather slow in the group with high kt/v. In the group with high kt/v, donor serum creatinine level was high and the ischemic time was long. These factors seem to have more influence on the prognosis than kt/v itself. Due to the small number of subjects, additional studies on kt/v and the prognosis after KT are needed.