The initiation of hemodialysis is a pivotal moment in the overall progression of renal disease. Identifying factors that can be improved during this critical period can significantly influence patient survival. This study was carried out to examine the factors related to one-year hospitalization and mortality in patients with End-Stage Renal Disease at National Kidney and Transplant Institute. This is a retrospective cohort study of one hundred fifty-six (156) patients on outpatient hemodialysis at the National Kidney and Transplant Institute who initiated in January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2022. A total of 156 hemodialysis patients were enrolled, 93 of them were hospitalized and 20 expired within one year from initiation of dialysis. Among the factors studied, patients with central venous catheter (CVC) vascular access are 2.4791 times more likely to experience adverse clinical outcomes or require hospitalization. Although demographic factors and biochemical markers did not have impact on outcomes, the type of vascular access is significantly associated with clinical outcomes in patients with end-stage renal disease.