To evaluate the morphological structure of kidney damage in patients with type 2 diabetes The study involved 36 biopsies performed at Pathology Department of Tashkent Medical Academyin patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus combined suspected non-diabetic kidney damage was analysed. The age of patients (men - 19, women - 17) ranged from 33 to 71 years and averaged 54.7 ± 5.3. All patients had proteinuria more than 1.0 g/day with a median of 4.2 g/day, 15 of them (42%) had a developed nephrotic syndrome with severe hypodysproteinemia and an albumin level of less than 25 g/l. Morphological changes in the kidneys were evaluated by light microscopy and immunofluorescence with a standard antibody panel. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software package. For parameters with an incorrect distribution, the median, 25th and 75th percentiles were calculated. According to the morphological picture of renal biopsy samples, three groups of patients were identified: group 1 (13 people, 36%), in which changes in the kidneys fully corresponded to the picture of diabetic nephropathy; Group 2 (14 patients, 39%), in which the signs of diabetic nephropathy were combined with the morphological picture of kidney diseases of a different nature. In the 3rd group (9 patients, 25%), there were no signs of diabetic nephropathy and other kidney diseases were detected. Among non-diabetic pathologies, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) (4 patients) and IgA nephropathy (5 patients) were most common. Membranous nephropathy was detected in 6 patients, and just as often (4 patients) a disease of minimal changes was observed. In type 2 diabetes mellitus, pronounced urinary syndrome, and in particular high proteinuria, does not allow us to unequivocally confirm the diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy.