Korean Organ Transplantation Registry (KOTRY), a first prospective-deigned national transplantation registry in Korea, was launched in 2014. This is an initial report on the status of patients received kidney transplants over the past 4 years. A total of 4839 kidney transplants (KTs) from 32 transplant centers were collected from April 2014 to December 2018. We analyzed baseline characteristics of recipients and donors, and short-term post-transplantation outcomes. Among 4839 KTs, 3039 patients (62.8%) received kidneys from living donors (LDs), and 1800 patients (37.2%) received kidneys from deceased donors (DDs). The average recipient age was 48 years; there were 1774 (58.4%) male recipients. The mean age of patients undergoing LD kidney transplantation was 4 years younger than that of patients undergoing DD kidney transplantation. Even though glomerulonephritis was the most common cause of end-stage renal disease (33.3%), the number of diabetic nephropathy was increasing. At the time of transplantation, 10.9% and 29.8% of KTs had cardiovascular disease and diabetes, respectively. The average donor age was 47 years; there was 2593 (53.6%) male donors. The mean age of LD was 2 years younger than that of DD. Expanded criteria donors (30.8%) were frequently used. During follow-up period, new-onset cardiac events and NODAT were identified in 9.4% and 8.4% of the recipients, respectively. The overall 1- and 4-year patient survival rates were 98.4% and 96.9%, respectively. During the follow-up period, 84 KTs died, and the most common cause of death was infection (47.6%). The overall 1- and 4-year graft survival rates were 97.1% and 93.0%, respectively, and the most common cause of graft loss was rejection (43.5%). The overall 1- and 4-year rejection-free survival rates were 81.8% and 72.2%, respectively. KOTRY will provide better understanding regarding nationwide epidemiological data for kidney transplantation in Korea